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Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
Прослушать аудиозапись
1. Learning Chinese is simpler than many people think.
2. I agreed to learn Chinese for a better career.
3. Chinese is the most romantic language in the world.
4. I don’t see good reasons for learning Chinese.
5. Knowing Chinese you may see China’s hidden culture.
6. I need a good teacher to learn Chinese.
7. Modern technologies make learning Chinese easier.
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A. Chris had a relaxing holiday in Kenya.
B. Chris has visited Kenya several times.
C. Chris’s friends worked in an animal shelter in Kenya.
D. Chris is an experienced traveller.
E. Chris didn’t like any food in Kenya.
F. Chris regrets being a volunteer in Africa.
G. Amy wants to try volunteering.
Which of the following is NOT one of Karen’s jobs?
Прослушать аудиозапись
1) A screenwriter.
2) An educator.
3) A script advisor.
Second-person narration reminds Chris of playing …
1) board games.
2) video games.
3) active games.
How did Alyson start to write?
1) She wrote poems for her classmates’ birthdays.
2) Her teacher at school gave the class weekly writing tasks.
3) She attended specialized writing school.
Bob liked it that his father …
1) spent a lot of time with his children.
2) taught him to fish and hunt.
3) had a successful company.
Why did Alice sign up for Queen of the South?
1) Because of the film director.
2) Because of the role she had to play.
3) Because she had written the book.
Which of the following is TRUE about Jessica’s London show?
1) She played all the old hits there.
2) She was its main artist.
3) She had expected a bigger crowd.
Which of the following is TRUE about the setting of the book If I Knew …?
1) Judy knows nobody there.
2) Judy dislikes this place.
3) Judy used to live there.
Лексика
Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1. What is a desert?
2. Smart desert plants
3. The land of treasure
4. How do deserts form?
5. The desert statistics
6. The symbol of deserts
7. A unique white habitat
8. Deserts are dangerous
A. Although the typical idea of a desert is a vast sandy place with little water, a desert is more than that. It is actually classified as any area of land that has not received any rain for a minimum of 12 straight months or a very dry area that receives less than 10 inches of rain every year. The reason for dryness in a desert is also connected with high evaporation and transpiration rates. The ground loses much water through a high evaporation rate. Plants lose their water through a high transpiration rate.
B. The plants that grow in the desert include various forms of cacti, low-lying plants like yucca and agave, and trees like palms and Joshua trees. While classified differently, these plants share characteristics that help them survive in the rough desert climate. They have a reduction of leaves and alternate water storage options. Many of the plants use extremely long “tap” roots as a mode of adaptation, while others stay close to the surface so they have a better chance to absorb the water before it evaporates.
C. Cactus is one of the plants most associated with deserts. Recognizable by their protective spikes, some species grow flowers and edible fruits. The cactus has adapted exceptionally well to desert conditions. To conserve water, most cacti have a fine root structure in which the roots grow near the surface. Over time they have changed their shape so that their external surface is reduced in relation to their volume. In many types of cacti, the stems have become round or flat and are used instead of green leaves.
D. Deserts are the primary source of table salt, borates, potassium and sodium nitrates and gypsum. Soda, nitrates and boron are the most common minerals that appear only in deserts. Approximately half of the world’s stores of fossil fuels come from desert lands, including oil and natural gas, and about half of the world’s diamonds, copper, gold, iron ore and uranium ore come from the desert as well. Besides, deserts are important because they provide corridors for migration for a number of bird species.
E. Several causes can be attributed to deserts, including the Earth’s air circulation, the rain shadow effect, the distance from the ocean and the proximity of cold ocean currents. The air circulation pattern is one cause that can be explained by the fact that warm air holds more moisture than cold air. This results in the evaporation of water and the formation of deserts. The rain shadow effect occurs to land between two mountain ranges. The rain falls on the other side of the mountains, leaving the land in-between dry.
F. There are 33 major deserts in the world, or 71 when subdivided into smaller deserts. Of those 71, 12 are in Africa, one is Antarctica, three are in the Arctic basin, 26 are in Asia, including the Middle East, 10 are in Australia and New Zealand, 10 are in Europe, four are in North America, and five are in South America. Having less than 10 inches of rain annually, Antarctica is not only classified as a desert, but it is the largest desert. The Sahara in Africa is the largest hot desert.
G. Cold deserts are deserts that experience low temperatures and long winters. They occur in the Arctic, the Antarctic and Greenland, as well as above the tree lines of mountain ranges. Cold deserts tend to have higher precipitation levels than hot deserts, and snowfall is common during winter. Average annual rainfall ranges from 6 to 10 inches. Vegetation is scattered due to poor soil quality, and plants tend to have needle-like leaves that reduce water loss. Native animals include rabbits, pocket mice and foxes.
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Saint Petersburg
A city of palaces and museums, broad avenues and narrow canals, St. Petersburg’s short history is rich in architectural and artistic treasures. Alongside world-famous attractions such as the Hermitage and St. Isaac’s Cathedral, the city has a lot of equally interesting buildings A__________. St. Petersburg is considered to be Russia’s cultural capital. It reflects the country’s extraordinary fate like no other city.
St. Petersburg is a relatively young city, by both Russian and European standards, as B__________. Despite its short life, the city has a rich history. From the early days of Peter the Great to modern times, the city has always bustled with life and intrigue.
Lying across the delta of the Neva River, St. Petersburg, the Venice of the North, is a city C__________, some of which are well-known for their unique history.
Bridges are an essential part of the city’s architectural make-up. Among the city’s over 500 bridges, there are numerous technological masterpieces. The centre of the city offers vast areas of green space, D__________.
St. Petersburg is a beautiful and fascinating holiday destination and one E__________. Whether to visit the city in a romantic and snowy Russian winter F__________, visitors will be spellbound by St. Petersburg’s culture and beauty.
1) that is built on hundreds of islands
2) or during the dazzling white nights in summer
3) it was only founded in 1703 by Tsar Peter the Great
4) or considering a variety of the trip accommodation offers
5) that reveal the mysterious and tragic genius of St. Petersburg
6) of the most intriguing and historically significant cities in Europe
7) including beautiful historic gardens and extensive leisure parks
The author thinks that knowing your shopper type will help you …
1) shop more quickly.
2) control your spending.
3) choose things carefully.
4) avoid going shopping.
What do we learn about Agatha Christie from the second paragraph?
1) She was responsible for the excavation work.
2) Her husband’s work put her off writing novels.
3) Her husband discussed his discoveries with her.
4) Some of her voyages and journeys inspired her.
The word “daunting” in “ … a daunting task” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to …
1) extremely easy.
2) impossible.
3) discouraging.
4) comfortable.
The Swiss Water Process is described as …
1) a cheaper method of decaffeination.
2) a way to avoid using charcoal.
3) a method to save coffee’s flavour.
4) the easiest method of decaffeination.
The author’s backpack was stolen because …
1) his luggage was unwatched.
2) he had to buy some medicine.
3) it was left at the train station.
4) he was on a tour.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
How teaching English on my year abroad improved my French
I began my year abroad in Paris as an intern at a publishing house, earning €2.70 an hour for menial work. I’d hoped to be able to soak up French in a real-life setting, but was constantly writing emails and making calls in English, with little free time for learning my second language. I soon realised the only thing I’d really learned was how to use a document-binding machine. Luckily, I’d taken an intensive English-teaching course in London the previous summer, which helped me find a new job with a language school.
Students planning their years abroad might worry about teaching English. It seems counterintuitive – you go to another country to learn the language and end up speaking your mother tongue. But in my experience, it can be a rewarding job and is perhaps even the best way to immerse yourself in another culture and learn the language. Ellen Rothnie, a student at the University of Glasgow, who has recently returned from two years in Spain, agrees. She says: “The feeling of integrating is so special. I wanted to improve my Spanish and was astounded by how much I did. I noticed a difference within a month.”
So, what struck me most about teaching English, was the potential for improving my French. Teaching your own language gives you a broader insight into language-learning – you see what works and what doesn’t. Among my students, I encountered a full range of abilities – speakers of near-native fluency and those who could barely string together a simple English phrase. I noticed what held my weakest students back – too much focus on writing down notes, crippling shyness and fear of making mistakes, and the other extreme – overconfidence, speaking at length and carelessly repeating the same errors. I saw how my best students learned – by being chatty and enthusiastic, and by watching hours of Anglo-American TV and films in their spare time. Trying to follow their example, I studied French thrillers and reality shows, picking up slang and colloquialisms, which helped me get by in everyday conversations.
Rothnie also found that teaching English helped with her Spanish. “My students often didn’t know what I considered to be basic expressions involving prepositions, such as ‘run out’, or ‘left over’,” she says. “Then I realised that in Spanish there is usually a separate, single equivalent verb which, before my year abroad, I probably didn’t know either.” At university, language teachers often tell students to avoid directly translating English phrases word-for-word, but it’s only when you’re interacting with native speakers in another country that you grasp the common expressions and idioms. This knowledge allows you to become more fluent in a language.
Teaching English can also give you the chance to socialise with native speakers, as Amy Stewart, a student at the University of Strathclyde, found on her year abroad in Tenerife. As a British Council assistant, she became friendly with her fellow teachers and even went to stay at the family home of a Spanish colleague. Despite her concerns about living in a hotspot for Anglophone tourists, Stewart improved her Spanish by taking part in language exchanges with locals. You need to be proactive too, she says: “If you go looking for areas that aren’t quite as touristy, then you’ll find them.”
Ultimately, the success of your year abroad is down to your own efforts – but maybe there’s something about teaching that gives you a certain motivation. After all, when you’ve been telling your students to knuckle down and practise vocabulary in their spare time, you feel like a hypocrite if you don’t do the same.
Which proverb summarises the main idea of Paragraph 5?
1) Where there is a will, there is a way.
2) Actions speak louder than words.
3) Better late than never.
4) Don’t put off until tomorrow what you can do today.
The author sounds dissatisfied at the end of the text because …
1) her daughter does not know physics well.
2) her daughter was allowed to retake the test.
3) her daughter got a bad grade.
4) her daughter failed her first attempt.
Animal sleep
Sleep is as important for animals as for human beings. Ferrets, for instance, can sleep the ____________________ part of the day – about 20 hours.
BIG
But the child __________________ even more and more loudly.
SCREAM
|
Still, Agatha Christie is the ____________________ detective writer of all times – at least by the number of books published. |
GOOD |
Guinness record for gadgets
| A dedicated Batman fan created the most impressive costume and earned a Guinness World Record for it. His costume had ________________ gadgets on it than anyone could imagine. | MANY |
| Thanks to this finding, scientists could start ________________ the language of ancient Egyptians. | STUDY |
Candles |
|
|
If you have an active profile in any social media, you may have noticed how often candles feature in people’s posts and stories. In fact, there are ____________________ reasons why people use candles at home. |
VARY |
St. Isaac’s Cathedral
|
St. Isaac’s Cathedral is one of the biggest Orthodox churches in Russia. The Cathedral was named in honour of St. Isaac of Dalmatia, who was __________________ respected by Peter I as he was born on St. Isaac’s day. |
GREAT |
The waters around the islands are home to a vast ____________________ of marine life, which makes scuba diving in the area one of the highlights of any visit.
COLLECT
You may light a candle at your evening mealtime and have a quiet conversation with your nearest and dearest. Moreover, we burn candles when we have an important ____________________ like a birthday or on seasonal holidays. It creates a festive feeling in us.
CELEBRATE
His great ____________________ in the Summit Series in 1972 earned him a massive fan base all over the world. Tretyak retired at the age of 32 to spend more time with his family. He is the current president of the Ice Hockey Federation in Russia.
PERFORM
____________________ feel like they are the first to see this wild landscape.
VISIT
1) admired
2) admitted
3) approved
4) attracted
1) concerning
2) regarding
3) including
4) according
1) presented
2) preserved
3) pretended
4) previewed
1) review
2) remember
3) reflect
4) remind
1) Though
2) Therefore
3) However
4) Besides
Рисовать
